Tubos de timpanostomía en el tratamiento de la otitismedia secretora en el adulto: estudio retrospectivo

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Dolores Rodríguez Rodríguez
Cristina Isabel Sanz Sánchez
Óscar Emilio Cazorla Ramos

Resumen

Introducción: a pesar de la alta prevalencia de la otitis media con efusión (OME) en adultos, existen pocos estudios clínicos aleatorizados que evalúen la efectividad de la miringotomía. Objetivo del estudio: analizar las características clínicas y epi­demiológicas asociadas a la OME en adultos, con el fin de optimizar los protocolos de diagnóstico y terapéuticos y de facilitar un manejo integral. Diseño: estudio ob­servacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de pacientes mayores de 14 años con OME, ingresados para miringotomía con inserción de tubo de timpanostomía (TT) entre el 2020 y el 2023. Materiales y método: se revisaron historias clínicas y se analizaron los datos mediante SPSS®. Resultados: se incluyeron 112 pacientes, con un prome­dio de edad de 54,1 ± 17 años y leve predominio femenino; los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron el tabaquismo (23,2%) y la rinosinusitis crónica (22,3%). La recurrencia de la OME fue del 39,3%, por lo que se requirió una reintervención en varios casos. Conclusiones: la OMS en adultos es una afección compleja que específicas y la alta tasa de recurrencia subrayan la necesidad de estrategias tera­péuticas que contemplen las comorbilidades y los factores de riesgo, así como el seguimiento a largo plazo. Clínicamente, la OMS suele diagnosticarse erróneamente como otitis media aguda, conllevando el uso innecesario de antibióticos. Asimismo, la duración de la enfermedad no debería ser el único criterio para indicar cirugía y se requiere mayor evidencia sobre la eficacia del tratamiento no quirúrgico en adultos.

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1.
Tubos de timpanostomía en el tratamiento de la otitismedia secretora en el adulto: estudio retrospectivo. Acta otorrinolaringol cir cabeza cuello [Internet]. 2026 May 1 [cited 2026 May 1];54(1). Available from: https://revista.acorl.org.co/index.php/acorl/article/view/855

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